Gautam Adani, the Indian billionaire behind Adani Green Energy, is facing a significant legal challenge as U.S. authorities have charged him and two other executives in connection with a sprawling bribery scheme tied to the company’s massive renewable energy projects. On November 20, 2024, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced charges against Gautam Adani, his nephew Sagar Adani, and Cyril Cabanes, a former director at Azure Power, for their roles in allegedly orchestrating a complex bribery operation.

The SEC's case centers around a series of high-value solar energy deals awarded to Adani Green and Azure Power by the Indian government. The charges allege that the Adani executives bribed officials to ensure the purchase of energy at inflated rates, ultimately benefiting the companies. In total, the scheme is said to have secured billions of dollars in contracts, including the multi-billion-dollar solar energy projects in the Indian state of Gujarat, where Adani Green is developing an energy park set to dwarf the size of Paris upon completion.

The project, part of Adani Green's aggressive push into the global renewable energy market, has been seen as a potential game-changer for both the company and India’s green energy ambitions. However, the bribery accusations cast a shadow over the company’s rapid expansion, which has been built on the back of several successful fundraising rounds. In one key instance, Adani Green raised $750 million, with around $175 million coming from U.S. investors. The SEC’s complaint alleges that this offering included misleading statements about the company’s anti-corruption policies, which the charges suggest were violated by the Adani family.

Both Gautam and Sagar Adani are accused of playing leading roles in the bribery operation, with the SEC alleging that they arranged bribes totaling hundreds of millions of dollars to secure above-market energy rates. The accusations include violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), which governs the actions of U.S.-listed companies operating internationally.

This legal development adds to the mounting scrutiny surrounding the Adani Group, which has faced several controversies in recent years. While the group has continued to expand, particularly in the renewable energy and infrastructure sectors, the SEC charges could lead to significant reputational damage and financial consequences for the conglomerate, especially with U.S. investors now entangled in the case.

Adani Green’s energy park project in Gujarat, which is slated to be five times the size of Paris upon completion, has been touted as one of the world’s largest solar initiatives, underscoring the company's pivotal role in India’s renewable energy landscape. However, these new allegations raise questions about the integrity of such projects and their impact on the global perception of India’s business environment.