As COP29 convenes in the United Arab Emirates, the growing urgency surrounding climate finance has emerged as one of the central themes of discussions. With world leaders absent from the talks, the focus has shifted to the pressing need for increased financial commitments to address the impacts of climate change, particularly for vulnerable nations. Despite the absence of key global figures such as German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and French President Emmanuel Macron, discussions remain intense as policymakers work toward securing climate financing and advancing environmental goals.

A critical issue discussed at the ministerial dialogue is the necessity for developed nations to meet their financial pledges, which are essential for helping developing countries mitigate and adapt to climate change. While governments have promised billions in climate finance, critics argue that much of this funding ends up in the hands of consultants rather than directly benefiting the countries that need it most. The commitment of major polluting nations, including the United States, remains a key point of concern, with some countries questioning whether these pledges will be honored in the long term.

A notable absence at COP29 is the representation of many top climate leaders, including Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin. Additionally, the decision by Papua New Guinea to boycott the conference underscores the growing frustration among the most climate-vulnerable countries, who have called for a more substantial commitment from the world’s largest emitters. As the host nation, the UAE has also faced criticism over its role in advancing climate finance and its alignment with fossil fuel interests.

The United States’ stance on climate policy is particularly uncertain with the looming presence of former President Donald Trump, who has signaled his intention to withdraw from the Paris Agreement once again. This potential shift threatens to undermine global climate efforts, as the U.S. remains a major player in climate negotiations. However, experts suggest that Europe and China will play an increasingly significant role in driving global decarbonization efforts, with the two regions expected to step up in the absence of U.S. leadership.

While climate action is generally viewed as a shared responsibility, a significant divide remains between developed and developing nations. Many poorer countries argue that the current financial flows are insufficient to meet the scale of the challenge. Calls for a clearer and more accountable distribution of funds are gaining momentum, as nations in the Global South urge the developed world to take stronger action. These countries have emphasized the need for direct investments in renewable energy, resilient infrastructure, and disaster risk reduction to safeguard their populations from the worsening effects of climate change.